Equality of English Education
Learning English is studying its order⭐︎
Reading is probably the easiest part among four skills of English to begin, but mastering reading is harder than you think first.
Reading has been the main part of examinations and qualification tests. If you can correctly understand sentences, written English, your answers are certainly right. In other words, reading is the key to passing an examination/test.
Vocabulary, grammar and expression rules are the essential ( and boring) points to study English. Only you need to do at first is to know the following points:
1. Putting words in the correct order is important when composing a sentence.
2. English paragraph mainly has three parts: Topic sentence, body sentence, and conclusion.
3. A noun is modified both forward and backward
(These points are fundamental rules though there are exceptions.)
Once your English is intermediate level, we advise you to pay attention to the rules above. However, as a basic learner or a small child, you do not worry about these. The first step of reading English is to get used to English.
To improve reading skill above the intermediate level, you need to connect a word such as “it” in the sentence to another word in another sentence. Also, please kindly check the order of words in the sentence. It is interesting to find a topic sentence and a conclusion in a paragraph.
Let’s practice listening as well as reading! Understanding what you see can be called the same as understanding what you hear. You can improve the two skills at the same time.
CAUTION
We do NOT advise that kids study English grammar strictly. You can learn it later.
語順の大切さ⭐︎
リーディングは最も取り掛りやすい分野ですが奥が深いです。
受験や資格の試験も読解力を基に問題を解くのが最も大きいパートを占めています。読めさえすれば解答できる試験も多く、リーディングが合格のカギと言えます。
まず、英語のリーディングは単語力、英文法や英語表現をどれだけ知っているかが基礎になります。知らない単語や聞いたことがない表現は理解できないからです。
といっても文法や英語表現は退屈になりがちですから、ここは難しく考える必要はありません。
英語の特徴は、
・英語は文の中で語順がとても大事
・英語の段落は「トピック」「内容」「結論」の三要素をこの順番通りに並べる
・名詞を修飾するのに前からも後ろからも修飾できる
という３つのです（もちろん例外はありますが）。
とはいえ、これらは中級くらいになってからで良いかとも思います。小さなお子さんや初級のうちは英文を読むことに慣れるのが大切です。
ある程度慣れてきたら、英語を読む際には「このitは何を指している？」「こういう時は、単語をこの順番に並べるのか」ですとか「この段落の中で、主題はこれ、結論はこれ、残りは理由や根拠かな」と意識しながら読む練習すると読解力が向上します。
一つの文章をリーディングとリスニングの両方で学習するとより良いです。目と耳の両方をトレーニングしましょう！
注意
幼児や小学校低学年のうちから文法や表現のルールを勉強するのはあまりおすすめしていません。これらは後からで身に付けられますので。
Varietion of English fonts⭐︎⭐︎
LRIGHT ENGLISH intentionally uses several fonts. Being used to different fonts is important to your reading skill.
In general, an English test requires you to read English passages in a limited amount of time. It means you need to read English in a hurry. Your reading under pressure due to a test can be slower than usual. You need to get used to reading with a variety of fonts to keep your reading speed.
There are some popular fonts such as “Times New Roman” and “Gothic”. However, more and more fonts are used in each English medium. You can prepare for reading articles using different fonts.
Another tip for reading skills is about how to memory English words called vocabulary. When you study English vocabulary, let’s learn a pronunciation, a word category, and its meaning.
Memorizing pronunciation and category together with meaning makes your memory solid than only meaning. Moreover, this method is helpful for your listening skill too.
Your listening skill and reading skill are in a mutual relationship with each other. These two are skills to understand information through your eyes or ears. LRIGHT ENGLISH suggests you train both eyes and ears at the same time.
いろいろな字の形⭐︎⭐︎
LRIGHT ENGLISHでは意図的に様々なフォントを用いています。異なるフォントを読む練習はリーディングに大切と考えているからです。
学校の試験にしろ、資格試験、入学試験は多くの場合時間との勝負です。
いつもの参考書や読み慣れている教科書で使われているフォントが違うと読むスピードが遅くなるケースが時々あります。
もう一つリーディングのレベルアップに繋がるのが、単語を覚える際には単語の意味だけでなく、品詞と発音も一緒に覚えてするのでどうでしょうか？
文字と意味を一緒に覚えるより、追加でカテゴリーと音も併せて覚える方が覚えやすく、またリスニング対策になりますのでおすすめです。
リスニング力が上がるとリーディングにも良い効果があります。これらは英語の理解力ですので、英語を目から取り入れるか、それとも耳から入るかの違いです。
fonts easy ver⭐︎
We use various fonts. Being used to different fonts is important to your reading skill.
In general, you need to read English in a limited amount of time in a test. It means reading speed is important Your reading under pressure is slower than usual when you are not familiar with a font used. You should practice reading many fonts before taking a test.
There are some popular fonts such as “Times New Roman” and “Gothic.” You may see these fonts in your textbooks. However, there are more and more fonts in English. You can prepare for reading different fonts.
Another piece of advice for reading skills is how you can memory English words called vocabulary. When you study English vocabulary, let’s learn pronunciation, a word category, and its meaning.
Memorizing pronunciation and category together with meaning is more effective training than only trying to learn the meaning. Moreover, this method is good for your listening skill too.
You can practice our listening skill and reading skill at the same time in the training above. These two are skills to understand information through your eyes or ears. We suggest you train both eyes and ears.
いろいろな字の形⭐︎
こちらは上記の記事の少し簡単な単語で書き直した物です。
参考になれば幸いです。
LRIGHT ENGLISHでは意図的に様々なフォントを用いています。異なるフォントに慣れていないと本番で読むスピードが遅くなってしまい、学校の試験にしろ、資格試験、入学試験は多くの場合時間との勝負ですから、いろんなフォントに慣れておきましょう。
ゴシックなどいつもの参考書や読み慣れている教科書で使われているのとは異なるフォントがあります。
もう一つリーディングのレベルアップに繋がるのが、単語を覚える際には単語の意味だけでなく、品詞と発音も一緒に覚えてするのでどうでしょうか？
文字と意味を一緒に覚えるより、追加でカテゴリーと音も併せて覚える方が覚えやすく、またリスニング対策になりますのでおすすめです。
リスニング力が上がるとリーディングにも良い効果があります。これらは英語の理解力ですので、英語を目から取り入れるか、それとも耳から入るかの違いです。
What is reading?⭐︎
Reading meanings of words written in an English article may be insufficient.
You might be good at reading rather than listening, speaking, and writing. Although you may think so, reading is much more than getting meanings of words. What is reading? Let’s think about other points in reading English.
1. Reading the structure of an English article.
English paragraph generally consists of three parts: topic, body, and conclusion. However, you can read English in a more detailed way. There may be reasons, assumptions, evidence, etc. Each sentence has its role in a paragraph or an article. It is a good practice to check the role of each sentence.
2. Reading the writer’s thought
Some articles are to send information to readers. Others may be a piece of advice. There are other types of articles: explanation, convincing readers, introduction, promotion, etc. The purpose of an article is not always written. Let’s practice reading the main reason of an article.
We introduced the two points above, and there are more points for reading. As your English becomes better, you can read more points from reading.
読解力
内容を理解するだけでは読めていないかも？
Readingは他のスキルよりも苦手な人が少ないと思いますが、読解は文章の意味がわかる以上のことが求められています。読解力とはどのようなものなのか、「記述内容の意味を理解する」以外で考えてみると、
1. 構造を読む
英文の構造について読解します。もちろん、構造について記述されていませんので話の流れから読み取るべきものです。著者がどのようにして文章を組み立てているか？文章内において各部分がどのような意味で用いられているか？など文の意味ではなくて文章の構造に関しても理解しておく必要があります。文章内において結論、根拠、前提、仮定など論文における役割を掴めるようにしておくのが大事です。
２. 著者を読む
どのような目的で書かれた文章なのか？説明、強調、批評、反論、比較それとも主張なのか？「文章の目的は？」のように問われる他、文章の全体像考えさせる問題があります。文章の一部の意図についても同じように、具体例を挙げているのか、比喩で用いているのか？、または補強しているのか、指摘しているのか？微妙なニュアンスを英語で問われてきます。
ここでは２つ挙げましたが他にもあるかもしれません。書いてある内容をただ理解すれば良いのではなく、行間や背景を読み取ったり、文章全体として俯瞰することが必要になります。Readingは奥が深いです。
TOIEC part 5⭐︎
The following questions are for studying TOEIC Reading part 5.
1. __________ very nice sales in its Car Sales Division, ABC enterprise finished net loss in the fiscal year of 2019.
(A) Thanks to
(B) Because of
(C) Because
(D) Despite
The answer is D.
Despite very nice sales in its Car Sales Division, ABC enterprise finished net loss in the fiscal year of 2019.
“Despite” means “without being influenced by.” “In spite of” is similar to “Despite,” like “In spite of her study, she failed to pass the qualification test to get driver’s license.
2. The total expense of the newly started business plan was more than triple the initial __________ .
(A) predict
(B) estimate
(C) cost
(D) analysis
The answer is B.
The total expense of the newly started business plan was more than triple the initial estimate.
“estimate” means “to guess or calculate the cost, size, value, etc. of something.” “estimation” is similar to “estimate,” like “In her estimation, a lot of other competitors are going to expand their business into the E-commerce industry.”
3. You are familiar with medical industry regulations, __________ worked for the hospital for over 15 years.
(A) having
(B) which
(C) because
(D) was
The answer is A.
You are familiar with medical industry regulations, having worked for the hospital for over 15 years. “having worked” has a meaning of “continue to do” or “experience.” Michael has lived in London for about one year.
4. The city library is unavailable __________ April 5 because the build is under maintenance during spring vacation.
(A) on
(B) within
(C) until
(D) by
The answer is C.
The city library is unavailable until April 5 because the build is under maintenance during spring vacation.
“until” and “by” are related to time. While “by” means deadline of a time or day, “until” means a period of “up to.”
For example, art paintings will be on exhibition until the end of the month.
The application must be in by March 31 to be accepted.
TOEIC Part 5⭐︎
TOEIC Part 5 のサンプル問題です。
こちらは穴埋め形式で選択肢が紛らわしいものも多いです。
リーディングというよりは文法問題に近いです。
問題文が全部読めていなくても解答できることもあります。
解答は音声にてご確認ください。
Business | TOEFL Reading⭐︎
1. Challenges facing Enedrink X in ABC country
The fundamental challenge is wehat should the reputation of Enedrink X in ABC country be?
Several issues are surrounding Enedrink X in ABC country (hereafter referred to as Enedrink X), such as the existence of the very same name product sold from a different company. What truly needs to do for Enedrink X is to define the desired reputation and implement the communication with the strategy to achieve it.
The first part might have been cleared already, for Enedrink X as a product is “Giving Power to People and Ideas.” In other words, it should be perceived not as a carbonated beverage with ingredients but as a product with which you can make it in a big challenge. In contrast, the second part of developing the reputation has large room for enhancement.
2. Communication Objective
The prime objective of communication is to create and expand a new market for Enedrink X through establishing its reputation. Currently, the majority of residents in ABC country have misconceptions about the product. Enedrink X needs to turn these around and have consumers recognize the product correctly through communication activities.
3. Implementation Plan
The first point media play an important role in suggesting a new agenda for choosing an energizer beverage. Ideally, Enedrink X would utilize earned media such as magazines or newspapers to communicate with various consumers. Though energizers and supplements might tend to be evaluated by which ingredients are in, when to drink can be a new agenda to consumers. For example, if the media introduce Enedrink X of Austria as a very choice before an important business interview. As a popular product a lot of professionals beyond industries regularly take, it would bring a different perspective.
“Why energy drink?” can be another agenda. There may be a shift among reasons to purchase energy drinks. Simply positive effect on physical health by taking in ingredients can be replaced with intangible effect on mental condition for better performance and achievement. SNS or blog is where every individual can post a message, so exchanging ideas/opinions about Enedrink X in an open space like SNS is nice. As there is a placebo effect in medical treatment, most consumers, especially the upper-class population, recognize the importance of mental condition under tight-pressured modern society in ABC country.
Enedrink X sponsored X-game events if Enedrink X can attract some portion of fun visiting or watching X-game. They would then talk about it to their family and friends. Specifically, one option is to air advertisements on Paid media of TV and Youtube with many exciting performances in X-games. The excitement and bravery of X-games are associated with the blue and silver can of Enedrink X.
Question1. What is the mail goal of communication?
Question 2. which shift the article implies in terms of reasons to buy energy drink?
Question 3. Why the author talks about X-games?
ビジネス｜TOEFL 5⭐︎
TOEFL やTOEICの難しめの練習に読んでみてください。
長い文章を読むのは疲れますし、単語の意味がわからないとより大変になります。
Water ｜EIKEN 2nd⭐︎⭐︎
Japan has relatively high precipitation per square meter of its territory. There are plenty of water resources, compared to the global average. However, Japan repeatedly experienced major water shortages. For example, approximately 16 million people were affected by suspended or reduced water supply in 1994. Moreover, agriculture suffered production losses of 140 billion yen in this shortage.
River flows change throughout the year. On the other hand, the water consumption for domestic and industrial uses does not fluctuate as largely as the river flow. To secure a stable water supply, the Japanese government constructed dams and weirs so that all of the households, agriculture, and industries can utilize water in all seasons of the year.
Water scarcity, also called water stress or water crisis, is the lack of water resources. Humanity has been facing a water crisis due to unequal distribution. A sharp rise in global freshwater demand in recent decades driven by industry is one of the reasons.
Water scarcity can also be caused by droughts, lack of rainfall, or pollution. According to World Economic Forum, water shortage is a global risk in terms of potential impact over the next decade.
Two-thirds of the global population, which is equivalent to 4 billion people, live under conditions of severe water scarcity at least one month of the year. Half a billion people in the world face severe water scarcity all year round.
水｜英検２級⭐︎⭐︎
日本は多雨で水資源には恵まれていますが、水不足を数多く経験しています。1994年の水不足では1600万人が影響を受け、農業被害が1400億円と多大な影響が出ました。
川の水量は季節ごとに変わりますが、家庭や工場での水消費量には変化がありません。そのため日本政府はダムなど治水に務め、年間を通じて水を確保できるようにしています。
水不足、または水危機は水資源が足らないことです。水不足は水資源の偏った分布によるものです。また、産業界の水需要が近年増大したことも影響しています。
水不足は干ばつ、少雨や公害でも起こります。世界経済フォーラムによると水不足は今後数十年における重大なリスクです。
世界では40億人が1年のうち１ヶ月は水不足を経験しています。そのうち５億人もの人は一年中水不足に苦しんでいます。
TOEIC Press Release⭐︎⭐︎
Today, we announced new initiatives as part of its long-standing commitment to using its scale and platform to positively impact the communities it serves. The company will invest $100 million to launch the Community Resilience Fund to support small businesses and community development projects. In addition, XYZ Corp is partnering with DEF museum to share the museum’s educational resources and digital volunteer opportunities.
By 2029, the Community Resilience Fund will invest $100 million to advance racial equity and environmental resilience. We support small business growth and community development projects in neighborhoods with historically limited access to capital. The investments will initially focus on 12 U.S. metropolitan areas and their surrounding regions.
In partnership with community leaders, the Fund will help provide access to capital intended to support small businesses and neighborhood projects, including those addressing the inequitable impacts of climate change.
“XYZ Corp is investing in the survival of small businesses by delivering affordable credit as well as training on disaster recovery and rebuilding. That is exactly what small businesses need right now to withstand ongoing economic and climate changes. With partners, these small businesses will have a chance to recover, rebuild, hire workers and serve their local economy.
Question 1: What the fund aims for?
Question 2: Why does YXZ Corp partner with DEF museum?
TOEIC プレスリリース⭐︎⭐︎
日本長年の社会貢献活動の一環として100万ドルをファンドへ拠出し、ローカルコミュニティや中小企業を支援します。また、美術館との提携していきます。
2029年までに100万ドルを人種差別をなくしや環境保全に役立てられます。これまで金融サービスが受けにくかった方々やプロジェクトに使われ、全米12の都市で取り組みます。
ローカルコミュニティとの連携で気候変動にも取り組みます。
私たちは災害からの復興を金融でサポートします。レジリエンス、再建、雇用を守るのに役立てられます。